Category: O

  • Obligations

    Obligations in the European Union LawConcept of Obligations provided by the "Glossary of terms used in EU competition policy" (Antitrust and control of concentrations, published in 2002): Requirements the Commission imposes on undertakings in order to be able to exempt a notified […]

  • Oligopoly

    Oligopoly in the European Union LawConcept of Oligopoly provided by the "Glossary of terms used in EU competition policy" (Antitrust and control of concentrations, published in 2002): A market structure with few sellers, who realise their interdepend-ence in taking strategic […]

  • Observations in Cooperation

    Observations on what?The Commission will only submit observations when the coherent application of Articles 101 or 102 TFEU so requires (see Court of Justice, Case C-429/07, Inspecteur van de Belastingdienst). The decision to submit observations should always be made with regard to the purp…

  • Official journal and publication

    Official journal and publicationIt follows from Article 297 TFEU and Regulation 1/2003 that "publication" implies publication in the Official Journal (in the "L" series for publication of the decision in full, in "C" series for all other texts and information, …

  • Official Journal Corrigenda

    Publication of Decisions: Official Journal CorrigendaIn case an adopted decision contains mistakes, corrections will be implemented following the relevant procedure. If the OJ publication is not yet undertaken, the summary will be corrected and reference is made to the corrigendum decision….

  • Officials and Member States in Oral Hearings

    Officials and Member States in Oral HearingsIn view of the importance of the oral hearing, it is the practice of DG Competition to ensure the continuous presence of senior management (Director or Deputy Director General) in oral hearings in antitrust cases, together with the case team of Co…

  • Opening of Proceedings Decision Draft

    Drafting the decision of opening proceedingsThe decision opening proceedings should be kept short. Since the decision as such is notified to the parties it has to be drafted in the authentic language. In essence the decision states that it has been decided to open the proceedings pursuant t…

  • Oral Hearing

    The Oral HearingThe Hearing Officer may hear parties in person and witnesses in an EU official language other than the authentic language of the proceedings. In that case, interpretation into the language of the proceedings from another official EU language should be provided during the Ora…

  • Oral hearing Procedure

    Procedure at the oral hearingThe Hearing Officer opens the hearing and invites DG Competition to summarise the facts and principal arguments of the Commission (usual time allocated around 20 minutes).More about Oral hearing ProcedureThe party(ies) and third parties are given the op…

  • Oral hearing Representation

    Representation at the oral hearingArticle 14(4) of Reg. 773/2004 provides that persons invited to attend shall either appear in person or be represented by legal representatives (e.g. board members) or by representatives authorised by their constitution.More about Oral hearing Represent…